IFR - Approach Plates

  • APP CRS is magnetic
  • top right corner 24081: updated on 2024, 81st day

Landing Minimums

  • S-: straight-in

Categories

  • Category A = 90 knots or less
  • Category B = 91-120 knots
  • Category C = 121-140 knots
  • Category D = 141-156 knots

fly-by vs fly-over waypoint

In aviation, the difference between a fly-by and a fly-over waypoint is when the aircraft turns in relation to the waypoint:

  • Fly-by waypoint: The aircraft turns before reaching the waypoint to intercept the next segment of the flight path. This is known as turn anticipation. Fly-by waypoints are useful for anticipating turns.
  • Fly-over waypoint: The aircraft flies over the waypoint before turning to join the next segment of the flight path. Fly-over waypoints are often used when operating in restricted airspace or clearing terrain.